Assessment of some Promising Bread Wheat Genotypes Under Water Deficit Conditions

Elgamal, Amgad; Koumber, Reda; Ashry, Hanaa; Marey, Islam Abd Elhamid

doi:10.21608/jsaes.2023.214901.1038

Assessment of some Promising Bread Wheat Genotypes Under Water Deficit Conditions

Document Type : Original research paper

Authors

¹ Agronomy department, faculty of agriculture, tanta university

² Field Crops Research Institute - Agricultural Research Center

³ Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta Univ.

⁴ Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta Univ

10.21608/jsaes.2023.214901.1038

Abstract

The current study was carried out at the Experimental Farm of El-Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station, ARC, Egypt, in two seasons 2018/19 and 2019/20. Eight bread wheat promising lines consists of five promising lines (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) and three commercial cultivars (Sahel 1, Sids1 and Gemmeiza 9). In first season, the eight wheat genotypes were crossed using a half diallel mating design excluding reciprocal. These crosses (28) with its parents (8) were evaluated under normal and water stress conditions through second season. The results cleared that both additive and non-additive genetic variances were found to be involved in the inheritance of the studied trails, however, non-additive gene effects more important. Water stress treatment decreased significantly means of all genotypes for all the studied characters. The reduction of grain yield plant^-1 was showed values varied from 6.6% to 37.42%. Two genotypes Line 5 and Sahel 1 were found be the best general combiners for no. of days to maturity, no. of kernels spike-1 and 1000-kernel weight, The cross Line 5 x Sids 1 showed desirable SCA effects for both no. of spikes plant-1 and grain yield under both normal and water stress conditions and their combined data. Low heritability estimates in narrow sense were detected for no. of days to maturity and grain plant-1, meanwhile, the remaining characters had moderate to high estimates. The most tolerant genotype for water stress was line 3 and the combination Line 4 x Sids 1 according to SSI, TOL and YI indices. Moreover, the crosses Line 1 x Line 3, Line 2 x Gemmeiza 9, Line 3 x Sahel 1 and Line 4 x Line 5 were the most tolerant as they recorded lower values for both SSI and TOL indices. Positive and significant correlations were found among grain yield plant^-1 with plant height.

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